the formation of human capital within prederences and consumptions

When I think about social action of actor (行動者社會行動), I read lots of information about how people use capital to create business, purchase material to build their life styles, etc..
I just have the limited to build the connection between social resources as capital and human resources as capital. I try to think about how people work to create the consumption and how people work to have their life cutlure because work is the way to have their resources and to collect their capital and social capital for building the network of class. I read two books:
1.Paul Ransome(2005)Work, Consumption and Culture, London: Sage[工作,消費與文化,2008]
2. Gary S. Becker(1996) Accounting for Tastes, U.S.A. [解讀偏好,1999]



1. Paul Ransome(2005)Work, Consumption and Culture, London: Sage

緒論:豐裕(affluence)的假定: affluence is surplus income(產生剩餘所得, 人們自由地花費金錢的能力與期望)會增加人們經驗的範圍與多樣性,因為剩餘所得讓人們可以選擇他們所 消費的商品和服務
* [以工作為基礎的社會]到(大量生產到大量消費, 零售與銷售,廣告與行銷)[以消費為基礎的社會]
Fine and Leopold (1993), Voth(1998), Mckendrick et al., 1982
* 選擇(choice) vs. 自主性 (autonomy)
* 需求(needs) vs. 想望( wants) / 生存(survival) vs. 滿足(satisfaction):
1. 以工作為基礎的社會: 工作活動的支配性
[ 韋伯學派的形式理性(formally rational)及實質理性(substantively rational)](p10)
[葛蘭西學派(Gramscian): 工作是霸權的(hegemonic); 工作領域為人們提供了關鍵的共同經驗,而這對社會穩定和社會發展是要的] (p23)
[三個主要資料來源: 工作強度(work intensity: 有多少人口投身有給職的工作及其一般工時); 工作中心導向( work-centredness: 人們藉由工作活動引導他們的生活和期望的程度); 生產主義工作倫理( productivist work ethic: 人類心智及世界觀) ](p24)
[生產主義的工作倫理: 貝爾克(延續Sartre,1943) 指涉的" 我們存在的基本狀態; 擁有(having), 作為 (doing), 存在(being)(Belk, 1988 in Millar, 2001, Vol., III: 193); 生產主倫
2. 以消費為基礎的理論: 新消費理論the new consumption/continuum of utility有效用的連續光譜
(1)單純消費(simple consumption): 必要的,精細的(elaborated) 與 放縱的( undulgent)的消費
(2)複雜消費( complex consumption): 豐裕的(affluent), 炫燿性(conspicuous) 及象徵性(symbolic)

* (p17) Campbell (1997) 批判性地回顧(所謂的)[溝通意圖(communicative intent) (Baudrillard, 2001)之各種解釋; 溝通意圖可能是伴隨著消費而來, 也可能不是(這問題本身就當前對於"消費即溝通"( consumption as communication)命題)